Five presidential cabinet nominations that were rejected

President Barack Obama faces a tough nomination process for his proposed defense secretary, Chuck Hagel. But if the past is any indicator, a Senate rejection would be historic in many ways.

johntower

Former senator John Tower. Source: Congress.

Hagel faces vocal opposition from senators from both political parties. However, it?s rare for the Senate to actually reject a cabinet nominee in a public vote?the last such act took place in the administration of President George H.W. Bush.

More likely, the Obama administration would withdraw Hagel?s nomination before a vote, if the math proved problematic.

The Senate?s official website has a detailed analysis of the nomination and approval process, which wasn?t spelled out in the Constitution, but follows precedents set by the first president, George Washington.

The Constitution, in Article II, Section 2, says that the president ?shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for.?

The Founding Fathers worked out most of the process in the 1st Congress, as President Washington nominated Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and Henry Knox to his first cabinet, and the Senate approved the nominations by a simple majority vote.

Early nominations dramas were more about Supreme Court candidates, but in later years, fights over cabinet nominees were dramatic, even if they were rare.

The first high-profile cabinet rejection by the Senate was in 1834, when President Andrew Jackson lost a fight to get Attorney General Roger Taney named as treasury secretary, in the bitter fight over the Second Bank of the United States.

The Senate rejected Taney?s nomination by a 18-28 vote, but a determined Jackson was able to get Taney appointed as the Supreme Court?s chief justice in 1835 when his Democratic party had a slim Senate majority.

The next nomination fight over the cabinet involved a senator who had played a key role in Taney?s rejection: John Tyler of Virginia.

By 1843, Tyler had become president, after William Henry Harrison died, and he was openly feuding with his own Whig party. On March 3, the Senate rejected Tyler?s nomination of Caleb Cushing?s as treasury secretary three times on the same day. Three other Tyler nominees were later rejected by the Senate, giving him a record six cabinet rejections.

A third historic cabinet rejection came in the troubled administration of President Andrew Johnson. Johnson?s attorney general, Henry Stanbery, resigned his position to defend Johnson at the president?s Senate trial after his impeachment.

Johnson survived the trial, and he nominated Stanbery to resume his job as attorney general in 1868. The Senate promptly rejected Stanbery?s nomination.

Since then, only three cabinet nominations have been rejected by a vote in the Senate. In comparison, six nominations have been withdrawn before a vote, by the president, since 1993.

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In 1959, President Dwight Eisenhower nominated Admiral Lewis Strauss as commerce secretary. The Democrats controlled more than 60 Senate seats and Strauss lost in a contentious nomination process by just four votes.

The fight between the Senate and its former member, John Tower, in 1989 was historic in many ways. Tower had headed the Senate Armed Services Committee until he retired in 1985. President Bush had nominated Tower as defense secretary.

The public debate over Tower?s nomination included a lot of mudslinging, and Tower lost the vote along party lines in the Democrat-controlled Senate. He was the only former Senate member rejected for a cabinet position by the Senate in its history. Dick Cheney was later approved in Tower?s place.

In the current case of Hagel, a former Republican senator, the Democrats have about 55 votes in the Senate, including independents that caucus with them.

But Hagel has bipartisan critics because of his past comments about Israel and his opinions on the war in Iraq.

It?s unlikely Hagel?s nomination would make it to a vote if his candidacy is in trouble, but if Hagel were to lose, it would be a double rarity: a former senator rejected by a Senate controlled by the president?s party.

Also Read

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/five-presidential-cabinet-nominations-were-rejected-163612833--politics.html

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Fujifilm X100S Fixed Lens Camera Debuts, Adding High-Speed Autofocus And Better Low-Light Performance

Fujifilm unveiled its latest camera today just ahead of the official start of CES, via a press release on its website. The new X100S is a successor to Fujifilm's well-received X100, the fixed prime lens premium compact camera that won lots of accolades from critics, but was consistently dinged for sub-par autofocus performance. The X100S boasts faster autofocus, according to Fujifilm, thanks to phase detection tech on the new X-Trans CMOS II sensor it uses.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/G0qGQ10rdAU/

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Exocomets may be as common as exoplanets

Jan. 7, 2013 ? Comets trailing wispy tails across the night sky are a beautiful byproduct of our solar system's formation, icy leftovers from 4.6 billion years ago when the planets coalesced from rocky rubble.

The discovery by astronomers at the University of California, Berkeley, and Clarion University in Pennsylvania of six likely comets around distant stars suggests that comets -- dubbed "exocomets" -- are just as common in other stellar systems with planets.

Though only one of the 10 stars now thought to harbor comets is known to harbor planets, the fact that all these stars have massive surrounding disks of gas and dust ? a signature of exoplanets -- makes it highly likely they all do, said Barry Welsh, a research astronomer at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory.

"This is sort of the missing link in current planetary formation studies," Welsh said. "We see dust disks -- presumably the primordial planet-forming material -- around a whole load of stars, and we see planets, but we don't see much of the stuff in between: the asteroid-like planetesimals and the comets. Now, I think we have nailed it. These exocomets are more common and easier to detect than people previously thought."

Welsh will present the findings on Monday, Jan. 7, during a meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Long Beach, Calif. Three of the new exocomets were reported in the Oct. 2012 issue of the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific by Welsh and colleague Sharon L. Montgomery of the Department of Physics at Clarion University.

Welsh also will participate in a media briefing on Tuesday, Jan. 8, at 2:30 p.m. PST in Room 204 on Level 2 of the Long Beach Convention Center.

Welsh summarized the current theory of planet formation as "interstellar dust under the influence of gravity becomes blobs, and the blobs grow into rocks, the rocks coalesce and become bigger things -- planetesimals and comets -- and finally, you get planets."

Many stars are known to be surrounded by disks of gas and dust, and one of the closest, beta-Pictoris (?-Pic), was reported to have comets in 1987. In 2009, astronomers found a large planet around ?-Pic about 10 times larger than Jupiter. Three other stars -- one discovered by Welsh in 1998 -- were subsequently found to have comets.

"But then, people just lost interest. They decided that exocomets were a done deal, and everybody switched to the more exciting thing, exoplanets," Welsh said. "But I came back to it last year and thought, 'Four exocomets is not all that many compared to the couple of thousand exoplanets known -- perhaps I can improve on that.'"

Detecting comets may sound difficult -- after all, the snowballs are typically only 5-20 kilometers (3-13 miles) in diameter. But Welsh said that once comets are knocked out of their parking orbit in the outer reaches of a stellar system and fall toward a star, they heat up and evaporate. The evaporating comet, which is what we see with comets such as Halley and next year's highly anticipated Comet ISON, creates a brief, telltale absorption line in the spectrum of a star.

The six new exocomet systems were discovered during three five-night-long observing runs between May 2010 and November 2012 using the 2.1-meter telescope of the McDonald Observatory in Texas. The telescope's high resolution spectrograph revealed weak absorption features that were found to vary from night to night, an outcome that Welsh and Montgomery attributed to large clouds of gas emanating from the nuclei of comets as they neared their central stars.

All of the newly discovered exocomets -- 49 Ceti (HD 9672), 5 Vulpeculae (HD 182919), 2 Andromedae, HD 21620, HD 42111 and HD 110411 -- are around very young type A stars, which are about 5 million years old, because Welsh's detection technique works best with them. With a higher resolution spectrograph, he might be able to detect comets around the older and yellower G and F stars around which most exoplanets have been found.

Nevertheless, all evidence suggests that these dusty A stars should have planets, and planets are the only thing that could knock a comet out of its orbit and make it fall toward its star.

"If it quacks, waddles and has feathers, then it's probably a duck," he said.

The work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Berkeley. The original article was written by Robert Sanders.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/_LZTYkPo11I/130107162222.htm

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Pace of slide in Toyota China sales slows in December: executive

BEIJING (Reuters) - Toyota Motor Corp. is still dogged by a sales crisis Japanese carmakers are suffering in China as a result of a territorial row between the two countries but December sales proved "surprisingly resilient", a senior Toyota executive said.

The executive said customer traffic in Toyota's showrooms was recovering to levels seen before the crisis over the disputed islands in the East China Sea broke out last September.

Toyota sold "almost" 90,000 vehicles in China in December, compared with 108,000 cars the company and its two Chinese partners sold in December 2011.

Toyota is expected to announce its China sales data for December on Monday, according to a Beijing-based company spokesman. He did not respond to calls seeking comment on November sales.

The pace of last month's decline -- roughly 17 percent from a year earlier -- eased from the previous three months.

"Sales rebounded faster than we had expected," said the Toyota executive, who declined to be identified because the sales information has not been made public yet.

He attributed the recovery in part to discounts and other sales incentives the Japanese company provided during the month.

Toyota's December sales fall followed a decline of 22 percent in November, 44 percent in October, and almost 50 percent in September.

Signs in the marketplace across China -- including a recovery in customer traffic in dealer showrooms -- were "encouraging", the Toyota executive said.

Sales patterns showed consumers were no longer as spooked as they were before a surge of anti-Japan sentiment that affected sales at auto stores and other Japanese-branded companies such as electronics firms.

Violent anti-Japan protests swept China from mid-September after Japan bought two East China Sea islands, known as the Diaoyu in Chinese and Senkaku in Japanese, from their private owner. China claims the islands as its own territory.

Demand slumped in September and October, reducing the market share of Japanese firms in China's passenger car market to about 17 percent from 19 percent at the end of August, according to the China Association of Automotive Manufacturers.

Some Chinese consumers have since avoided Japanese cars. In a widely reported incident during the height of the anti-Japanese sentiment, a Chinese man was attacked by angry protesters for driving a Toyota Corolla.

December sales showed Chinese consumers were "not as fearful of buying and driving Japanese cars as before", the Toyota executive said.

(Reporting By Norihiko Shirouzu and Yoko Kubota; Editing by Paul Tait)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/pace-slide-toyota-china-sales-slows-december-executive-034208729--finance.html

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Playboy an inspiration for McCarthy show

PASADENA, Calif. (AP) ? Jenny McCarthy says she's looking to Hugh Hefner's old "Playboy After Dark" as an inspiration for her new talk show.

The actress and former Playboy Playmate will host a late-night talk show Fridays on VH1 starting Feb. 8. After years of being tied up in unproductive development deals, McCarthy said Saturday she came to realize the best character she could play was herself.

She's looking for a party atmosphere. One segment she plans with celebrity guests is the "groundbreaking interview," which is talking to guests while both are lying on the ground.

McCarthy also plans a game, "Drunk, Dumb or Both," asking men outside a bar questions like, "what color is a red boat?"

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/4e67281c3f754d0696fbfdee0f3f1469/Article_2013-01-05-TV-Jenny%20McCarthy/id-424b426be0644d9eb0b73a396b4c6ad9

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Online Marketing Firm-the necessity of The Hour

Last decades of last century and 21st century become digital age. It?s within this period when computer systems began ruling every area in our existence. But it?s only following the invention of internet, which completely transformed the planet we used to reside in. Now internet is touching all business organizations varying from banks, banking institutions, corporate houses, restaurants, food joints etc. Because of immense recognition of internet, small , large businesses take their online businesses. It has boosted a web-based competition among companies to draw in site visitors on their own web site in order to enhance recognition of items and services they?re offering and not directly maximize their degree of profits.

How search engine optimization services can cater your requirements?

As competitors is soaring up daily, it is very hard for any new company to promote his items or services on the internet. This is when an online Marketing Firm can help you. These web based marketing agencies made up of panel of well qualified, trained and experienced experts who attempt to improve your ratings on popular search engines like google like Google with the aid of number of on-page and off-page tools for example backlink building, Keyword searching, Stuffing of key phrases in articles, Ppc and Social networking marketing. By reaching on the top ratings of search engines like google, visibility and recognition of the web site increases to large degree. Here you go worth to say the perfect tools like key phrases would be the words, which individuals mostly use to look a particular product. To have an instance, if you want a watch specialist in Philadelphia, then you?ll type optometrist, Philadelphia as well as your browser will return top results associated with your keyword. Online marketing firm search these popular key phrases and stuff them in articles, blogs and content to improve traffic in your web site. In a nutshell, these Search engine optimization professionals, with the aid of different tools increase quantity of site visitors of the website.

Employing a great search engine optimization company

Now, after comprehending the vital role performed by search engine optimization companies in internet marketing, now comes the burning question how to purchase a good search engine optimization firm. Well finding a web-based marketing expert isn?t whatsoever difficult as you will find numerous companies available for sale. But employing a great and efficient marketing expert, that may cater your requirements, based on your needs and affordable may be the toughest part. To be able to find the best online marketing firm you have to survey completely and compare services offered, packages, experience and customer feedbacks of countless companies. By evaluating these factors it is simple to employ a search engine optimization company based on your requirements and needs.

Seoinvogue is among the leading online marketing firm, which facilitates its clients with premium grade Search engine optimization services at reasonable prices and within due time.

Source: http://earnmoneyonlinesimply.com/online-marketing-firm-the-necessity-of-the-hour/

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In Praise of Hostage Taking

Hostage-takers, in most movies, are bad guys. Politicians, presumably, don't want to be seen as bad guy hostage-takers, but more like good-guy rescuers. And opinion writers, you might expect, would prefer to portray ideologically similar politicians as good guys and their opposition as bad guys. So it's curious conservatives are fully embracing the liberal talking point that House Republicans took the U.S. economy hostage during the debt limit fight of 2011, and plan to make hostage-taking the?cause c?l?bre before the U.S. defaults in March. New York's Jonathan Chait hilariously compared House Republicans to the nihilistic hostage takers of The Big Lebowski. The wise elders of the Republican Party have been trying to talk the more wild-eyed conservatives away from using the debt ceiling as a fight.?The Wall Street Journal's editorial page wrote on Friday, "We'll support efforts to cut spending and reform entitlements, but the political result will be far worse if Republicans start this fight only to cave in the end. You can't take a hostage you aren't prepared to shoot."

RELATED: GOP Rallies Ahead of Expected Evening Debt Vote

But the message does not seem to be getting through.?The National Review's Richard Lowry had his own column: "Take the Hostage." He asks, "why is the president outraged that someone would use the leverage of an impending event that everyone wants to avoid and that would damage the economy to his negotiating advantage?" Over on NewsMax, Club for Growth president?Chris Chocola is into the leverage game, too. "[Republicans] have a very simple message that they have to deliver, but they have to be willing to back up their position with action.?They have to be willing to essentially shut down the government or else none of this matters." It's not just bloggers and lobbyists. Sen. John Cornyn of Texas has embraced the debt limit-as-threat rhetoric, too. ?It may be necessary to partially shut down the government in order to secure the long-term fiscal well being of our country, rather than plod along the path of Greece, Italy and Spain," he wrote in a Houston Chronicle op-ed.

RELATED: Bachmann Gets a Scolding for Huma Abedin Stunt

Conservatives did not always advocate so openly that Republican lawmakers be really and willing to risk the full faith and credit of the United States, nor did they say this is what Republican lawmakers wanted to do.?In August 2011,?New York Times?conservative columnist Ross Douthat?put hostage-taking in scare quotes, and noted,?"it?s an odd sort of hostage situation when the hostage seems to want to be there," arguing that Democrats always negotiate on taxes. Today, the change is?not just that conservatives are embracing this liberal talking point as their own. It's that they're doing it completely cynically. In 2011, you had some people -- Michele Bachmann, for instance, at least claim that failing to raise the debt limit wouldn't be so bad. "I've been in Washington for a long time, and I've seen smoke and mirrors time and time again," Bachmann said in June 2011, calling the talk of the economic damage from a default "scare tactics."?The next month, she shrugged,?"As we debate the debt ceiling, the players seem to have lost all sense of proportion."?This was widely viewed as crazy. In 2013, conservatives are not making the claim that failing to raise the debt limit would have few negative consequences. Instead, they're just urging Republicans to use the crazy.?

RELATED: Reactions to 'Cut, Cap and Balance' Passing

Today, the problem is not the political costs, but the lack of Republican unity to hold out for a great deal. "At some point we have to be serious about this," Chocola told Newsmax. "At some point, Republicans have to do what Republicans say they have to do ? and they have to stand up for limited government, spending restraint, and fiscal responsibility."?It's not that the GOP has too many hostage-taking Bachmanns. It's that it doesn't have enough of them.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/praise-hostage-taking-195407776.html

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Researchers: Online science news needs careful study

Friday, January 4, 2013

A science-inclined audience and wide array of communications tools make the Internet an excellent opportunity for scientists hoping to share their research with the world. But that opportunity is fraught with unintended consequences, according to a pair of University of Wisconsin?Madison life sciences communication professors.

Dominique Brossard and Dietram Scheufele, writing in a Perspectives piece for the journal Science, encourage scientists to join an effort to make sure the public receives full, accurate and unbiased information on science and technology.

"This is an opportunity to promote interest in science ? especially basic research, fundamental science ? but, on the other hand, we could be missing the boat," Brossard says. "Even our most well-intended effort could backfire, because we don't understand the ways these same tools can work against us."

Recent research by Brossard and Scheufele has described the way the Internet may be narrowing public discourse, and new work shows that a staple of online news presentation ? the comments section ? and other ubiquitous means to provide endorsement or feedback can color the opinions of readers of even the most neutral science stories.

"Today, I can use my mobile phone, tablet, or laptop to almost instantly look up more information than ever before," Scheufele says. "But the way most people look up information in online settings may significantly restrict what types of information they encounter." Online news sources pare down discussion or limit visibility of some information in several ways, according to Brossard and Scheufele.

Many news sites use the popularity of stories or subjects (measured by the numbers of clicks they receive or the rate at which users share that content with others or other metrics) to guide the presentation of material.

The search engine Google offers users suggested search terms as they make requests (offering up "nanotechnology in medicine, " for example, to those who begin typing "nanotechnology" in a search box). Users often avail themselves of the list of suggestions, making certain searches more popular, which in turn makes those search terms even more likely to appear as suggestions.

"Our analyses showed a self-reinforcing spiral, which means more people see a shrinking, more similar set of news and opinions on science and technology subjects when they do online searches," Brossard says.

The consequences become more daunting for the researchers as Brossard and Scheufele uncover more surprising effects of Web 2.0.

In their newest study, they show that independent of the content of an article about a new technological development, the tone of comments posted by other readers can make a significant difference in the way new readers feel about the article's subject. The less civil the accompanying comments, the more risk readers attributed to the research described in the news story.

"The day of reading a story and then turning the page to read another is over," Scheufele says. "Now each story is surrounded by numbers of Facebook likes and tweets and comments that color the way readers interpret even truly unbiased information. This will produce more and more unintended effects on readers, and unless we understand what those are and even capitalize on them, they will just cause more and more problems."

If even some the for-profit media world and advocacy organizations are approaching the digital landscape from a marketing perspective, Brossard and Scheufele argue, scientists need to turn to more empirical communications research and engage in active discussions across disciplines of how to most effectively reach large audiences.

"It's not because there is not decent science writing out there. We know all kinds of excellent writers and sources," Brossard says. "But can people be certain that those are the sites they will find when they search for information? That is not clear."

It's not about preparing for the future. It's about catching up to the present. And the present, Scheufele says, includes scientific subjects ? think fracking, or synthetic biology ? that need debate and input from the public.

"A lot of people are saying we're in an intense period of change, let's see where the dust settles. But we're in a world where the dust is not going to settle for a long time," he says. "What we really do need is a systematic effort between sciences and social sciences to use this new environment to get the science across and public reactions across without biases that the process itself may incorporate."

###

University of Wisconsin-Madison: http://www.wisc.edu

Thanks to University of Wisconsin-Madison for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126135/Researchers__Online_science_news_needs_careful_study

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Acoustic Neuroma - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment ... - Health Inset

What is Acoustic Neuroma?

It is a type of primary intracranial tumor that affects the myelin-forming cells of vestibulocochlear nerve or CN VIII. It is a tumor on main nerve that leads from the inner ear to the brain and is benign in nature. The term ?vestibular schwannoma? incorporates the vestibular part of 8th cranial nerve, arising from the Schwann cells that are responsible for forming the myelin sheath of peripheral nervous system.

The condition is also known as Vestibular schwannoma.

Acoustic Neuroma Incidence

Nearly 3000 cases of this condition are diagnosed every year in United States having a prevalence of almost 1 in every 100000 worldwide. Vestibular schwannoma comprises 5% to 10% of all intracranial neoplasm types in adults. Incidence of the condition peaks in the 5th and 6th decades of life and both the sexes are equally affected.

Acoustic Neuroma Classification

Two different types of Vestibular schwannoma are known to exist: a sporadic form as well as a form that is associated with a condition known as neurofibromatosis type II or NF2. Neurofibromatosis type II is a type of inherited disorder that is characterized by growth of non-cancerous tumors in one?s nervous system. Among these tumors, the most common form is the acoustic neuroma which affects both ears by the age of 30.

Neurofibromatosis type II is a very rare disorder, and is responsible for only five percent of all acoustic neuroma cases. This indicates that the majority of AN cases are actually the sporadic form. There is widespread speculation among doctors as to what exactly gives rise to the sporadic form. A known risk factor that might trigger acoustic neuroma is an exposure to higher doses of radiation.

Acoustic Neuroma Causes

Acoustic neuromas are apparently caused by one malfunctioning gene on the chromosome 22. Generally, this gene manufactures a protein which helps in controlling the growth and development of Schwann cells that covers the nerves. The cause of production of this particular gene malfunction is not quite clear. Scientists are of the opinion that the defective gene is derived in almost 50% of the cases as a result of Neurofibromatosis type II. It is a rare disorder which involves development of tumors on vestibulocochlear nerve on the each side of head, also known as bilateral neuromas.

Acoustic Neuroma Symptoms

The earliest observable signs and symptoms of acoustic neuroma include:

• Ipsilateral sensorineural deafness or hearing loss
• Disturbed sensations of balance or ataxia
• Altered gait
• Vertigo along with nausea and vomiting
• Facial weakness
• Numbness
• Tingling
• Headaches
• Confusion
• Unsteadiness or clumsiness
• Difficulties in swallowing
• Hoarseness as well as pressure within the ear

All these symptoms can be associated with disruption of the normal functioning of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Apart from the above mentioned symptoms, more than 80% patients have reported signs of tinnitus. This generally involves a uni-lateral high-pitched ringing, an occasional hissing sound like that of a steam kettle or a machinery-like roaring.

Large tumors compressing adjacent brainstem might affect other cranial nerves at the locality. Paradoxically, the seventh cranial nerves are hardly involved pre-operatively. Loss of sensation within the face and mouth of the involved side might occur due to involvement of trigeminal nerve or CN V. The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves are involved only in certain uncommon cases. However, their involvement might lead to instances of altered gag or other swallowing reflexes.

Increased intracranial pressure might result from larger tumors, and give rise to associated symptoms like:

• Headache
• Vomiting
• Altered consciousness

Loss of Hearing

Patients experiencing profound or severe unilateral hearing loss after the amputation of a disturbing acoustic neuroma tumor suffer from significant disability in a variety of situations like that of localizing sounds, hearing sounds from one?s deaf side, hearing sounds in presence of various background noises (both in noisy and quiet surroundings).

The perceived hearing disabilities might be even more in unilateral cases than in bilateral. Reports have also been documented which state that patients having unilateral hearing loss face difficulties during group discussions as well as dynamic listening situations which pose limited possibility for compensating for the listening problems by altering listening position.

Acoustic Neuroma Diagnosis

As the symptoms and signs of an acoustic neuroma are most likely to develop slowly, and since balance problems, tinnitus and hearing loss can indicate other middle or inner ear problems, detecting the tumor during the early stages might prove to be difficult for a doctor. Acoustic neuromas are often detected during screening for some other conditions.

Doctors initially ask questions about the symptoms and then recommend certain diagnostic tests:

Hearing tests or audiometry

In this test supervised by an audiologist or a hearing specialist, a patient is asked to wear earphones and listen to sounds directed to a single ear at a given time. The audiologist also produces numerous types of sounds having various tones and then repeats them in an almost barely audible level. The hearing ability of the patient is also checked by the presentation of various words.

Electronystagmography or ENG

This test evaluates vestibular function or balance by detecting signs of nystagmus or abnormal patterns of rhythmic eye movement that is frequently present with inner ear complications. It measures the involuntary eye movements of an individual along with balance in numerous ways.

Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)

The neurological and hearing functions of an individual are checked by this test. Electrodes and earlobes study the brain?s responses to various clicking sounds that can be heard through earphones, after which they are recorded on the graph.

Imaging Tests

Magnetic resonance imaging tests (MRI) or the Computerized Tomography (CT) Scans of the patient?s head can help in getting images that confirm presence of acoustic neuroma.

Acoustic Neuroma Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis for acoustic neuroma includes taking into account several conditions that show similar symptoms, such as:

• Epidermoids
• Meningiomas
• Arachnoid cysts
• Lower cranial nerve schwannomas

Acoustic Neuroma Treatment

Depending on the age, the position and size of the tumor and one?s overall health, a patient of acoustic neuroma can choose from a number of different treatment options. The team of experts handling a case of an intracanalicular acoustic neuroma generally includes a neurosurgeon, an otolaryngologist, a radiosurgeon and an ENT (ear, nose, throat) surgeon.

Conservative treatment of Acoustic Neuroma

As these neuromas grow slowly, a physician might choose to monitor the condition regularly instead of immediately settling for an operational treatment. This is so because in many cases the risks commonly associated with a surgical procedure outweigh the threats posed by an acoustic neuroma. In these cases, annual MRI scans are used to monitor the growth of the tumor. This method is generally adapted while dealing with patients who are above 70 years of age. Records indicate that almost 45% of all neuromas do not grow to a significant degree over the 3 o 5 years of monitoring or observation. In some rare cases, these neuromas have also been known to minimize or shrink spontaneously. One numerous instances, patients of acoustic neuroma die of some other causes before their tumor becomes life-threatening. This is mostly true of elderly patients having a small neuroma. Annual observation is ideal for monitoring acoustic neuroma as their growth rate rarely accelerates.

Microsurgery

The tumor can be removed by using microsurgery. The patient is kept under the influence of general anesthesia and then the neuroma is removed by boring a hole or an incision through a patient?s skull.

If the neuroma is small, it can be removed completely in most cases. If it is large, a small portion of the tumor is commonly left behind for preserving the facial nerve. The small tumor which is left behind can then be regularly monitored by using MRI scans or be treated by employing radiosurgery.

Stereotactic radiosurgery

Vestibular schwannoma can be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery that delivers a precise and focused radiation dose to the affected area. A linear accelerator is used for this purpose. The term ?stereotactic? refers to the idea of locating a point by using three-dimensional coordinates. The procedure ensures that the tumor is bombarded with the maximum amounts of radiation possible without exposure to the surrounding tissue. The radiation can be given in one single dose or gradually delivered over numerous sessions. Stereotactic radiosurgery does not get rid of the tumor but its main aim is to stop a tumor from progressing further. The method can only be employed for small sized tumors or for the remnants of a small tumor after a surgery is done on large tumors.

Doctors perform stereotactic radiosurgery under local anesthetic. This means that a patient remains conscious throughout the length of the procedure even though his or her scalp is numbed. A lightweight metal framework is attached to the scalp and several scans are conducted which accurately pinpoint the location of the tumor. Then the tumor can be treated by using a definite beam of radiotherapy. There are little or no immediate side effects of this procedure and it will only require a few days to complete the treatment.

Other forms of radiotherapy include CyberKnife, proton therapy and gamma knife radiosurgery.

Translabyrinthine Approach

This method of surgery destroys hearing ability in an affected ear. Hence it is commonly used in cases where already the patients have poor speech discrimination capacity in affected ear. A tumor of any size might be removed by using this approach. No brain retraction is observed in this method and thus it is considered to be the best way to remove the neuroma. In patients of neurofibromatosis type 2 who are undergoing auditory brainstem implantation, the technique is employed as it gives easiest access to cochlear nucleus and lateral recess, where this device is implanted.

Middle Fossa and Suboccipital Retrosigmoid

These methods are hearing preservation techniques, attempting to preserve all or at least some of the hearing abilities in affected ears. Neurosurgeons frequently prefer the Suboccipital Retrosigmoid approach. Middle Fossa is commonly employed in cases where the tumor is generally less than 2 centimeters in dimensions.

The minimally invasive endoscopic surgery is a rather less common approach.

Acoustic Neuroma Complications

Although symptoms of this condition can seriously affect one?s normal life, serious complications from this form of neuroma are rare. If hearing is impaired, an individual might find his or her job is getting hampered. Loss of balance and severe dizziness can also affect one?s professional life and limit the activities one can perform.

Recurrence of a tumor after it has once been removed occurs in less than 5% of all cases, but is still a possibility. Hence the patient is required to be monitored at regular intervals with MRI or magnetic resonance imaging scans over several years regardless of the form of treatment one might have undergone.

A rather serious complication of acoustic neuroma is a condition referred to as the hydrocephalus. This occurs when the neuroma grows too large and causes pressure on the brainstem, which is the lowest portion of the brain connected to spinal cord. This hinders the CSF or cerebrospinal fluid from flowing between the brain and the spinal cord. The blockage can create pressure which can eventually build up inside the skull and might cause damage to the delicate tissues present in the brain. Excess CSF should be drained away in order to treat hydrocephalus. If not treated early, the hydrocephalus can lead to brain damage. In some rare cases, it can also be fatal.

Acoustic Neuroma Prognosis

Acoustic neuromas are not cancerous. These types of tumors do not metastasize or spread to the other areas of the body. Nevertheless, such a tumor may continue growing and causing pressure on other structures of the skull. Individuals having small or slow-growing tumors of this nature often do not require treatment. Recovery of hearing abilities is not possible through surgery or radiosurgery once it is lost.

After an acoustic neuroma surgery, the ear affected by the tumor loses its hearing ability. The patient may discuss his or her condition and choose to use a bone-anchored hearing aid that will help to divert sounds from the affected ear to the ear that is still in good health.

Surgery can also occasionally damage the facial nerve of a patient. This is due to the fact that acoustic nerve lies very close to one?s facial nerve and big-sized tumors are frequently stuck to it. The surgeon tries not to damage the facial nerve and leaves a small portion of a large tumor on facial nerve to preserve it. If the facial nerve is hampered during surgery, the patient may find that there is a drooping on any one side of the face. He or she may find it difficult to cover the eye on the weaker side of the face. The weaker side of the face will also have problems with drooling saliva and the speech will be less clear.

Symptoms will improve over a period of 6 to 12 months once assisted with physiotherapy. However, the some of the damages endured by the facial nerves might be permanent. It may also affect the eyes, making blinking or closing the eye difficult. This may lead to drying up of eyes and one might require artificial tears or an eye lubricant.

Acoustic Neuroma Support Groups

There are several support groups such as Acoustic Neuroma Association, Acoustic Neuroma Association of Canada (ANAC) and British Acoustic Neuroma Association (BANA) as well as many online forums that offer guidance and assistance to patients of acoustic neuroma and their families.

Acoustic Neuroma Pictures

Here are some images that show the mechanism and location of these tumors.

Picture 1 -?Acoustic Neuroma

Picture 2 -?Acoustic Neuroma Image

?

Acoustic neuromas are benign tumors of the vestibulocochlear nerve that might lead to partial or complete hearing loss. The condition should not be left untreated as a progressed tumor can cause intracranial pressure and lead to further complications.

References:

http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Acoustic-neuroma/Pages/Introduction.aspx

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibular_schwannoma

http://www.webmd.com/brain/acoustic-neuroma-causes-symptoms-treatments

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001782/

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/acoustic-neuroma/DS00803

Source: http://www.healthinset.com/acoustic-neuroma-vestibular-schwannoma.html

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FCm Travel Solutions partnered with RBT-Kazakhstan ? Business

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://www.berteloot.com/2013/01/03/fcm-travel-solutions-partnered-with-rbt-kazakhstan-business-travel-news/

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Legislators: 'Spaceport America Could Become a Ghost Town'

Because, without the legislation being offered, the potential liability is essentially unlimited, and forever. The general aviation industry was plagued and almost destroyed by excessive liability. This was partially fixed by a law in the late 1990s (IIRC) removing the 'long tail' liability.

As an example from when I was living in CA back in the 1980s, a pilot forgot to put gas in his 35 year old Cessna, took off and crashed into a house about a mile from the airport. The homeowner was killed (along with the pilot). In addition to the pilot's estate, the homeowner's estate sued the manufacturer of every part in the airplane for negligence. One company, a builder of starters or generators (I forget which) spent $2 million in 1980s money in legal fees, proving that their generator was not even on the plane! That company then ceased building any parts for airplanes, as their gross sales for those parts was only a few $million per year and insurance costs would have been higher than the manufacturing cost.

Not much later Cessna ceased building general aviation planes (except for the Citation jets), and said that they would start again once the liability laws were fixed.

The 'long tail' law basically put a cap of (IIRC) 20 years on defective part liability for manufacturers. The basic idea is that if a part has lasted 20 years, it's probably not defective in any rational sense. Once this law passed, I think Cessna did in fact resume low levels of production.

Rockets are going to be considered 'fun rides for elite snobs with too much money' even more than airplanes. So, bottom line - without some legislation, in the event of a crash, a falling part, or a loud noise as it flies over, the trial lawyers would be able to sue the Spaceport and Virgin Galactic and everyone who ever mentioned the word 'rocket', on behalf of every individual in the state, whether or not they had even heard or seen anything or even knew something was flying that day. There are already federal and state laws (for the states that do a lot of space activities) limiting liability for commercial space launches. This legislation would do the same for New Mexico. Without it, NM will not ever be a space-business state.

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/VWLXmsTa4h4/story01.htm

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NYC looks to eclipse 2012's record tourism numbers

15 hrs.

A. Pawlowski , NBC News contributor

Frank Sinatra famously yearned to wake up in the city that never sleeps and it seems more travelers than ever want to follow in his footsteps.

New York attracted a record number of tourists in 2012, prompting officials to vow to keep the momentum going.

?(I?m) confident that 2013 will be another mammoth year for tourism in our city,? said Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who was surrounded by the Rockettes during a news conference at the American Museum of Natural History on New Year?s Eve.

?Tourism is booming because we?re the nation?s most exciting city and during 2013, we?re going to keep adding to the parks and cultural institutions that bring millions of people here every year.?

Here are the statistics that are making officials smile: New York City welcomed 52 million visitors in 2012 -- the most ever, despite the impact of Hurricane Sandy. They resulted in a $55 billion impact to the city?s economy and led to the Big Apple selling a record 29 million hotel room nights. The city?s hotel occupancy stands at 87 percent, the highest in the nation, the mayor said.

The sightseers included 41 million tourists from within the United States and 11 million from abroad. ?

Those international visitors are crucial because they spend far more money than domestic tourists, Bloomberg said. Luring them to the Big Apple and getting them to stay longer has been a primary focus of marketing efforts, added George Fertitta, CEO of NYC & Company. The city?s official tourism agency has 18 offices around the world to spread the word that New York is the place to be.

Their work has paid off. Of all the overseas visitors who arrive in the United States, one third now come to New York City. Emerging markets such as Brazil, China, Argentina and Australia, have been particularly big, growing 447 percent, 442 percent, 258 percent, 157 percent respectively since 2006, the mayor?s office announced.

Tourism officials ?will continue to be relentless? in trying to attract international visitors, Fertitta said. It?s not hard to do with all of the shopping, the Broadway plays and the famous sights that New York offers. But another important part of the city?s allure is its vibe as an ?aspirational destination.?

?We always like to say it?s sort of a rite of passage for people to come to New York,? said Chris Heywood, a spokesman for NYC & Company. ?They see it in pop culture and they have a connection to it.?

If you?re pondering a visit to New York, here is a taste some of the events coming up this year:

Grand Central Terminal Centennial
One of New York City?s most iconic buildings celebrates its 100th anniversary with a yearlong celebration that kicks off on February 1 with a rededication of the terminal. The event will include performances, celebrity appearances and the opening of the New York Transit Museum?s ?Grand By Design? multi-media installation. In May, historic trains come back to the terminal during the Grand Centennial Parade of Trains.

New York-themed cruise ship
Launching in late spring, the Norwegian Breakaway will be the largest ship to homeport in New York City year-round.?The Rockettes, who will christen the ship on May 8, will also serve as the ?godmothers? of the Breakaway and two of the dancers will sail on select cruises to meet and greet passengers.

The on-board entertainment includes a ?New York-Inspired Ice Bar,? which will feature ice sculptures of the Brooklyn Bridge, the Statue of Liberty and the Chrysler Building.

Norwegian commissioned artist Peter Max to paint the hull artwork, which includes images of Lady Liberty and the Manhattan skyline.

?The Big Apple is known for its love of art and its many galleries ? and now, Norwegian Breakaway becomes a floating piece of art that will cruise in and dock every Saturday on New York?s West Side,? said Kevin Sheehan, CEO of Norwegian Cruise Line, in a statement.

New York City bike share
Citi Bike launches in May, providing visitors with a new way to get around the big Apple. You can pick up one of 10,000 bicycles at any of the 600 solar-powered docking stations and ride to a drop-off near your destination. Smartphone apps will allow users to find out about bike and station availability in real-time.

?There?s just so much to do and see here and the beauty about New York is that it continually evolves and reinvents itself,? Heywood said.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/travel/itineraries/big-apple-has-big-plans-eclipse-2012s-record-tourism-numbers-1C7803364

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Phones4U offering Google Play gift cards with Galaxy phone purchases

Today brings further indications that Google Play gift cards may be about to hit stores in the UK, as a recent Phones4U promotional offers a free £20 gift card code for customers purchasing a Galaxy S3, S3 Mini or Note 2. The offer is available via a Phones4U promotional page, where owners of these phones can claim their code by entering their name, contact details and IMEI. According to P4U's terms, the promotion is good until Mar. 15.

While Google missed the holiday window for getting Google Play gift cards out into British customers' hands, the card redemption page has been live in the UK for several weeks now. Only problem is the cards themselves have been unavailable so far, something which may be changing with the emergence of promotions like this.

If you've seen Google Play gift cards hiding out anywhere else in the UK, be sure to let us know in the comments.

Source: Phones4U promo page

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/HCLSa3eeOME/story01.htm

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An embryo that is neither male nor female: Impact of three unexpected sex determination factors analyzed

Jan. 3, 2013 ? So, is it a girl or a boy? This is the first question parents ask at the birth of an infant. Though the answer is obvious, the mechanism of sex determination is much less so. Researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) attempt to shed light on this complex process by identifying the crucial role played by insulin and IGF1 and IGF2 growth factors, a family of hormones known for its role in metabolism and growth. In the absence of these factors at the time of sex determination, embryos do not differentiate into either male or female and have no adrenal glands. The results of this study, published in the journal PLOS Genetics, allow us to better understand sexual development and will eventually improve diagnosis and genetic counseling practices for individuals with disorders of sex development.

In mammals, sexual development is a long process beginning at conception when the sperm's transmission of an X or Y sex chromosome will determine the genetic sex of the embryo. The following developmental stages will translate this genetic sex into gonadal sex, that is, either ovaries or testes, which will secrete hormones that will masculinize or feminize the fetus.

The intention of the study conducted by Serge Nef, Professor at the Department of Genetic Medicine and Development at UNIGE, is to better understand the first stages of sexual development.

Growth, metabolism and reproduction

The researchers were interested in the role of a class of hormones, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and their receptors in cells. These factors, known to be involved in the regulation of metabolism and growth, also have a key role in the regulation of reproductive capacities of the individual, whether male or female. Reproductive function is, in fact, closely linked to metabolism and growth. This is actually quite logical: the growth of an individual cannot progress normally without adequate energy intake and there is no point in reproducing if this caloric intake is insufficient. This may explain why some women with anorexia have anovulatory cycles and may suffer from infertility. Conversely, people with morbid obesity also have significant disturbances in their fertility. Though it is now recognized that the interactions between metabolism, growth and reproductive capacity are regulated by common factors such as insulin and IGFs, Professor Nef's study shows that these interactions are even more important than previously believed because the insulin and IGF receptors are also essential for primary sex determination in mammals.

To analyze the impact of these hormones on sex determination, Professor Nef's group used genetically modified mice. The scientists genetically inactivated the receptors for insulin and IGFs in mouse embryos. They then discovered that in the absence of these factors, at the time of sex determination, the gonads of mutant embryos were unable to develop into testes or ovaries. As such, the embryo and its gonads remained stuck in a fully undifferentiated state for several days demonstrating the essential role of these hormones and growth factors in sexual differentiation.

In humans, cases of disorders of sex development are relatively common with about 1 newborn in every 3000 births being affected. Unfortunately, in the majority of cases, the genetic causes of such alterations remain unexplained. "This study provides a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of sexual development and is a step forward towards a better understanding of the causes of sexual ambiguities, which often remain unknown," states Professor Nef. "The research we are conducting will provide the opportunity to refine and improve clinical diagnosis of individuals with disorders of sex development."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Universit? de Gen?ve, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Jean-Luc Pitetti, Pierre Calvel, Yannick Romero, B?atrice Conne, Vy Truong, Marilena D. Papaioannou, Olivier Schaad, Myl?ne Docquier, Pedro Luis Herrera, Dagmar Wilhelm, Serge Nef. Insulin and IGF1 Receptors Are Essential for XX and XY Gonadal Differentiation and Adrenal Development in Mice. PLoS Genetics, 2013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003160

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/qL7WE4WuASg/130103192445.htm

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Oregon runs past K-State 35-17 at Fiesta Bowl

Oregon running back De'Anthony Thomas (6) returns the opening kickoff 94 yards for a touchdown against Kansas State during the first half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)

Oregon running back De'Anthony Thomas (6) returns the opening kickoff 94 yards for a touchdown against Kansas State during the first half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)

Oregon head coach Chip Kelly gets soaked by his players during the final seconds of the second half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. Oregon won 35-17.(AP Photo/Matt York)

Kansas State wide receiver Chris Harper (3) is tackled by Oregon linebacker Michael Clay (46) during the first half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)

Oregon running back De'Anthony Thomas (6) returns the opening kickoff 94 yards for a touchdown against Kansas State during the first half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)

Kansas State quarterback Collin Klein (7) dives for a touchdown as Oregon cornerback Ifo Ekpre-Olomu (14) defends during the first half of the Fiesta Bowl NCAA college football game, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)

GLENDALE, Ariz. (AP) ? De'Anthony Thomas caught the opening kickoff, raced past Oregon's sideline and leaned his head into the end zone like a sprinter crossing the finish line.

The track meet had started and the fifth-ranked Ducks barely looked back after that.

Triggered by Thomas' 94-yard return, Oregon bolted by No. 7 Kansas State 35-17 Thursday night at the Fiesta Bowl in what may have been coach Chip Kelly's final game with the Ducks.

"I felt like my role in this game was to be a momentum-builder and a game-changer," Thomas said. "Once I saw that edge, I wanted to get to the end zone as fast as I could so I could celebrate with my teammates."

They did it a lot.

Teams that had that national title aspirations end on the same day, Oregon and Kansas State ended up in the desert for a marquee matchup billed as a battle of styles: The fast-flying Ducks vs. the execution-is-everything Wildcats.

With Kelly reportedly talking to several NFL teams, Oregon (12-1) was too much for Kansas State and its Heisman Trophy finalist, Collin Klein, turning the game into a try-to-keep up race from the start.

Thomas followed his before-everyone-sat-down kickoff return with a 23-yard touchdown catch, finishing with 195 total yards.

Kenjon Barner ran for 143 yards on 31 carries and scored on a 24-yard touchdown pass from Marcus Mariota in the second quarter. Mariota later scored on a 2-yard run in the third quarter, capped by an obscure 1-point safety that went in the Ducks' favor.

Even Oregon's defense got into the act, intercepting Klein twice and holding him to 30 yards on 13 carries.

"We got beat by a better team tonight, combined by the fact that we let down from time to time," coach Bill Snyder said after Kansas State's fifth straight bowl loss.

Whether Kelly leaves Eugene or not, he had a good run, leading the Ducks to four straight trips to BCS bowls, the last two wins.

Ducks fans sure let him know how they felt, chanting "We want Chip!" just before he was handed the massive Fiesta Bowl trophy.

"Our focus was on this game tonight," Kelly said. "If for some reason, someone wanted to talk to me, it's because of those players over there. We have an unbelievable team, an unbelievable program and any success is because of those guys."

Last year's Fiesta Bowl was an offensive fiesta, with Oklahoma State outlasting Stanford 41-38 in overtime.

The 2013 version was an upgrade: Nos. 4 and 5 in the BCS, two of the nation's best offenses, dynamic players and superbly successful coaches on both sides.

Oregon has become the standard for go-go-go football under Kelly, its fleet of Ducks making those shiny helmets ? green like Christmas tree bulbs for the Fiesta Bowl ? and flashy uniforms blur across the grassy landscape.

Their backfield of Thomas, Barner and Mariota made up a three-headed monster of momentum, each one capable of turning a single play into a scoring drive of 60 seconds or less.

Mariota has been the show-running leader, a question mark before the season who ably ran Oregon's high-octane offense as the first freshman quarterback to start for the Ducks since Danny O'Neil in 1991.

Oregon won the Rose Bowl for the first time in 95 years last season and was in position for a spot in the BCS title game this year before losing a heartbreaker to Stanford on Nov. 17.

Thomas offered the first flash of speed, picking up a couple of blocks and racing toward a not-so-photo finish at the line. The Ducks, are they are apt to do, went for 2 on the point-after and converted on a trick play to go up 8-0 in the game's first 12 seconds.

It was the second straight day a BCS bowl began with a quick strike; Louisville returned an interception for a touchdown against Florida on the first play of the Sugar Bowl Wednesday night.

Thomas hit the Wildcats (11-2) again late in the first quarter, breaking a couple of tackles and dragging three defenders into the end zone for a catch-and-run TD that put the Ducks up 15-0.

It's nothing new for Oregon's sophomore sensation: He had 314 total yards and two long touchdown runs in the 2012 Rose Bowl. The Ducks are used to it, too, after averaging more than 50 points per game.

And they kept flying.

Oregon followed a missed 40-yard field goal by Kansas State's Anthony Cantele by unleashing one of its blink-and-you'll-miss-it scoring drives late in the second quarter. Moving 77 yards in 46 seconds, the Ducks went up 22-10 at halftime after Mariota hit Barner on 24-yard TD pass.

Alejandro Maldonado hit a 33-yard field goal on Oregon's opening drive of the third quarter and Mariota capped a long drive with an easy 2-yard TD run to the left. Kansas State's Javonta Boyd blocked the point-after attempt, but even that went wrong for the Wildcats: Chris Harper was tackled in the end zone for a bizarre 1-point safety that put Oregon up 32-10.

It was the first 1-point safety in major college football since 2004 when Texas did it against Texas A&M, STATS said.

"There were so many things that could have changed the outcome of this game," Kansas State linebacker Arthur Brown said.

Kansas State had gone through its second revival under Snyder, the studious coach who never lost touch with the game or players young enough to be his grandchildren during a three-year retirement.

The 73-year-old followed up the Manhattan Miracle by returning to lead the Wildcats back to national prominence with his attention-to-detail ways.

Klein has led K-State's meticulous march this season, a fifth-year senior who plays in the mold of the college version of Tim Tebow: Gritty, humble, finds a way to win, whatever it takes.

Like the Ducks, the Wildcats had their national-title hopes stamped out on Nov. 17, blown out by Baylor with a rare letdown on both sides of the ball.

Kansas State needed a little time to get its wheels spinning on offense, laboring early before Klein scored on a 6-yard run early in the second quarter.

Klein kept the Wildcats moving in the quarter, though not toward touchdowns: Cantele hit a 25-yard field goal and missed from 40 after a false-start penalty.

Klein hit John Hubert on a 10-yard touchdown pass early in the fourth quarter, but all that did was cut Oregon's lead down to 32-17.

He threw for 151 yards on 17 of 32 passing.

"It wasn't really complicated," Kelly said of slowing Klein. "He's a great player, one of the greats of college football. I had my heart in my throat a couple of times watching him around, but out guys just made plays when they had to make plays."

By doing so, they may have put a nice exclamation point on Kelly's college career.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-01-04-T25-Fiesta%20Bowl/id-9816da2cd0dd4b89a553876f73e644d3

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